Poweta nkhuku, imfa yoyambirira ya anapiye imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wachipatala, zomwe zimayambitsa imfa makamaka zimaphatikizapo zinthu zobadwa nazo komanso zomwe anapeza. Zakale zimapanga pafupifupi 35% ya chiwerengero chonse cha anapiye omwe amafa, ndipo omaliza amawerengera pafupifupi 65% ya chiwerengero chonse cha anapiye omwe amafa.
Zobadwa nazo
1. Mazira oswana amachokera ku ziweto zomwe zimadwala pullorum, mycoplasma, Marek's disease ndi matenda ena omwe amatha kufalikira kudzera m'mazira. Mazira samatsekeredwa asanabadwe (izi ndizofala kwambiri kumadera akumidzi komwe kusweka kwake kuli kochepa) kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikokwanira, ndipo miluza imagwidwa ndi kachilombo nthawi yakuswa ndondomeko, zomwe zinachititsa kuti anapiyewo afe.
2. Ziwiya zoserera ndi zosayera komanso pali majeremusi. Ndi chochitika chodziwika kumidzi kuswa kanga, kuswa mabotolo amadzi otentha komanso kuswa nkhuku. Nthawi yosweka, majeremusi amalowa m'miluza ya nkhuku, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mazira a nkhuku ayambe kukula modabwitsa. Pambuyo pa kuswa, umbilicus imapsa ndi kupanga omphalitis, chomwe ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimafa kwambiri anapiye.
3. Zifukwa pa makulitsidwe ndondomeko. Chifukwa chosakwanira kumvetsa kuswa chidziwitso, zosayenera ntchito kutentha, chinyezi ndi dzira kutembenuka ndi kuyanika pa hatching ndondomeko zinachititsa hypoplasia wa anapiye, zomwe zinachititsa kuti oyambirira kufa anapiye.
Zinthu zopezeka
1. Kutentha kochepa. Nkhuku ndi nyama yamagazi ofunda, yomwe imatha kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwa thupi kosasintha nthawi zina kutentha. Komabe, pochita kupanga, chiwerengero chachikulu cha anapiye chimafa chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa, makamaka pa tsiku lachitatu pambuyo pa kuswa, chiwerengero cha imfa chidzafika pachimake. Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuchepe ndikuti ntchito yotsekera m'nyumba ya nkhuku ndi yosauka, kutentha kwakunja ndikotsika kwambiri, kutentha kumakhala kofooka monga kuzima kwa magetsi, kuleka moto, ndi zina zotero, ndipo m'chipinda chosungiramo pali zolembera kapena zolembera. Ngati kutentha kwatsika kuli kotalika, kungayambitse kufa kwa anapiye ambiri. Anapiye omwe apulumuka m'malo otentha kwambiri amatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana komanso matenda opatsirana, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zovulaza kwambiri anapiye.
2. Kutentha kwakukulu.
Zifukwa za kutentha kwakukulu ndi:
(1) Kunja kuli kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi cha m’nyumba n’chambiri, mpweya wa mpweya ndi wochepa, ndipo anapiye akuchulukana kwambiri.
(2) Kutentha kwambiri m'nyumba, kapena kugawa kutentha kosafanana.
(3) Kusasamala kwa ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira kumapangitsa kutentha kwa m'nyumba kukhala kosalamulirika, etc.
Kutentha kwakukulu kumalepheretsa kugawidwa kwa kutentha kwa thupi ndi chinyezi cha anapiye, ndipo kutentha kwa thupi kumasokonezeka. Anapiye ali ndi luso linalake lotha kusintha ndi kusinthasintha pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthawi yochepa. Ngati nthawi yayitali kwambiri, anapiye amafa.
3. Chinyezi. M'mikhalidwe yabwinobwino, zofunika za chinyezi chachifupi sizolimba monga kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, chinyontho chikakhala chosakwanira, malo amakhala owuma, ndipo anapiyewo satha kumwa madzi panthaŵi yake, anapiyewo akhoza kukhala opanda madzi. Kumidzi kuli mwambi woti anapiye amataya madzi akamamwa madzi, alimi ena amangodya chakudya cha nkhuku chomwe chili ndi malonda, ndipo sapereka madzi akumwa okwanira zomwe zimabweretsa imfa ya anapiye chifukwa chosowa madzi. Nthawi zina chifukwa chosowa madzi akumwa kwa nthawi yayitali, madzi akumwa amaperekedwa mwadzidzidzi, ndipo anapiye amapikisana pakumwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mutu, khosi ndi thupi lonse la anapiye zinyowe. Chinyezi chokwera kwambiri kapena chochepa kwambiri sichabwino kwa anapiye, ndipo chinyezi choyenera chiyenera kukhala 70-75%.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-14-2023
